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Amy Beach
Amy Marcy Cheney Beach (September 5, 1867December 27, 1944) was an American composer and pianist. She was the first successful American female composer of large-scale art music. Most of her compositions and performances were under the name Mrs. H.H.A. Beach.
==Early years==
Amy Beach was born in Henniker, New Hampshire into a distinguished New York family. A child prodigy, she was able to sing forty songs accurately by age one; by age two she could improvise a counter-melody to any melody her mother sang, she taught herself to read at only four years old, and began composing simple waltzes at five years old. Beach's mother, being a musician herself, encouraged her daughter with singing and playing the piano for her. Despite this, her family struggled to keep up with her musical interest and demands. The young Beach often commanded what music was to be played and how. She was often prone to fits and tantrums if the music did not meet her demands. In addition, her mother forbade Beach from playing the family piano despite the child's wish to play, believing that indulging Beach would damage parental authority. Eventually, she began formal piano lessons with her mother at the age of six, and a year later started giving public recitals, playing works by Handel, Beethoven, and Chopin, as well as her own pieces.
In 1875, Beach's family moved to Chelsea, Boston, where they were advised to enter her into a European conservatory. Her parents opted for local training, hiring Ernst Perabo and later Carl Baermann as piano teachers. At age fourteen, Amy received her only formal training in composition with Junius W. Hill, with whom she studied harmony and counterpoint for a year. Other than this year of training, Amy was self-taught as a composer; she often learned by studying much earlier works, such as Bach's ''The Well-Tempered Clavier''.
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